[Linux] dmidecode 명령어

dmidecode란?

dmidecode는 Linux 시스템에서 BIOS와 하드웨어 정보를 확인하는 데 사용되는 강력한 명령어입니다. dmidecode는 DMI(Desktop Management Interface) 테이블의 내용을 읽어와 시스템의 하드웨어 정보를 사용자에게 출력하는 명령어입니다. 이를 통해 CPU, 메모리, BIOS, 시스템 제조사 등의 정보를 확인할 수 있습니다.

• DMI 테이블 : 하드웨어의 세부 정보를 기록한 표준화된 데이터 구조
• BIOS 인터페이스를 통해 데이터를 가져옵니다.

dmidecode 설치하기

대부분의 Linux 배포판에서 dmidecode는 기본적으로 설치되어 있습니다. 설치되어 있지 않은 경우, 다음 명령어를 통해 설치할 수 있습니다.

Red Hat 계열

# sudo yum install dmidecode

Debian 계열

# sudo apt install dmidecode

설치 확인

# # dmidecode --version
3.5

 

dmicode 주요 옵션

전체 출력

# dmidcode

특정 유형 필터링

# dmidecode -t [TYPE]
// 예시
# dmidecode -t 0

Type	설명
0	BIOS
1	System Information
2	Baseboard
3	Chassis
4	Processor
6	Memory Module
17	Memory Device
23	System Boot

 

Type [0 : BIOS] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t 0
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
        Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
        Version: 6.00
        Release Date: 12/12/2018
        Address: 0xEA490
        Runtime Size: 88944 bytes
        ROM Size: 64 kB
        Characteristics:
                ISA is supported
                PCI is supported
                PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported
                PNP is supported
                APM is supported
                BIOS is upgradeable
                BIOS shadowing is allowed
                ESCD support is available
                Boot from CD is supported
                Selectable boot is supported
                EDD is supported
                Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
                8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
                Serial services are supported (int 14h)
                Printer services are supported (int 17h)
                CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
                ACPI is supported
                Smart battery is supported
                BIOS boot specification is supported
                Function key-initiated network boot is supported
                Targeted content distribution is supported
        BIOS Revision: 4.6
        Firmware Revision: 0.0

# dmidecode -t bios
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
        Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
        Version: 6.00
        Release Date: 12/12/2018
        Address: 0xEA490
        Runtime Size: 88944 bytes
        ROM Size: 64 kB
        Characteristics:
                ISA is supported
                PCI is supported
                PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported
                PNP is supported
                APM is supported
                BIOS is upgradeable
                BIOS shadowing is allowed
                ESCD support is available
                Boot from CD is supported
                Selectable boot is supported
                EDD is supported
                Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
                8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
                Serial services are supported (int 14h)
                Printer services are supported (int 17h)
                CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
                ACPI is supported
                Smart battery is supported
                BIOS boot specification is supported
                Function key-initiated network boot is supported
                Targeted content distribution is supported
        BIOS Revision: 4.6
        Firmware Revision: 0.0

 

Type [1 : System Information] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t 1
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
        Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
        Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
        Version: None
        Serial Number: VMware-56 4d 6f 8e b5 14 c2 fd-3b ff a1 a3 34 73 7c 4f
        UUID: 8e6f4d56-14b5-fdc2-3bff-a1a334737c4f
        Wake-up Type: Power Switch
        SKU Number: Not Specified
        Family: Not Specified

 

Type [2 : Baseboard] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t baseboard
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
        Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
        Product Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform
        Version: None
        Serial Number: None
        Asset Tag: Not Specified
        Features: None
        Location In Chassis: Not Specified
        Chassis Handle: 0x0000
        Type: Unknown
        Contained Object Handles: 0

Handle 0x0043, DMI type 10, 8 bytes
On Board Device 1 Information
        Type: Video
        Status: Disabled
        Description: VMware SVGA II
On Board Device 2 Information
        Type: Sound
        Status: Disabled
        Description: ES1371

 

 

Type [3 : Chassis] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t 3
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0003, DMI type 3, 21 bytes
Chassis Information
        Manufacturer: No Enclosure
        Type: Other
        Lock: Not Present
        Version: N/A
        Serial Number: None
        Asset Tag: No Asset Tag
        Boot-up State: Safe
        Power Supply State: Safe
        Thermal State: Safe
        Security Status: None
        OEM Information: 0x00001234
        Height: Unspecified
        Number Of Power Cords: Unspecified
        Contained Elements: 0

 

 

Type [4 : Processor] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t proccesor
Invalid type keyword: proccesor
Valid type keywords are:
  bios
  system
  baseboard
  chassis
  processor
  memory
  cache
  connector
  slot

 

Type [6 : Memory Module] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t 6
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0011, DMI type 6, 12 bytes
Memory Module Information
        Socket Designation: RAM socket #0
        Bank Connections: None
        Current Speed: Unknown
        Type: EDO DIMM
        Installed Size: 8192 MB (Single-bank Connection)
        Enabled Size: 8192 MB (Single-bank Connection)
        Error Status: OK

Handle 0x0012, DMI type 6, 12 bytes
Memory Module Information
        Socket Designation: RAM socket #1
        Bank Connections: None
        Current Speed: Unknown
        Type: DIMM
        Installed Size: Not Installed
        Enabled Size: Not Installed
        Error Status: OK

```

 

Type [17 : Memory Device] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t 17
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0047, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
        Array Handle: 0x0046
        Error Information Handle: No Error
        Total Width: 32 bits
        Data Width: 32 bits
        Size: 8 GB
        Form Factor: DIMM
        Set: None
        Locator: RAM slot #0
        Bank Locator: RAM slot #0
        Type: DRAM
        Type Detail: EDO
        Speed: Unknown
        Manufacturer: Not Specified
        Serial Number: Not Specified
        Asset Tag: Not Specified
        Part Number: Not Specified
        Rank: Unknown
        Configured Memory Speed: Unknown

Handle 0x0048, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
        Array Handle: 0x0046
        Error Information Handle: No Error
        Total Width: Unknown
        Data Width: Unknown
        Size: No Module Installed
        Form Factor: DIMM
        Set: None
        Locator: RAM slot #1
        Bank Locator: RAM slot #1
        Type: DRAM
        Type Detail: Unknown

```

 

Type [23 : System Boot] 출력 예시

# dmidecode -t system boot
# dmidecode 3.5
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
        Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
        Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
        Version: None
        Serial Number: VMware-56 4d 6f 8e b5 14 c2 fd-3b ff a1 a3 34 73 7c 4f
        UUID: 8e6f4d56-14b5-fdc2-3bff-a1a334737c4f
        Wake-up Type: Power Switch
        SKU Number: Not Specified
        Family: Not Specified

Handle 0x0045, DMI type 15, 29 bytes
System Event Log
        Area Length: 16 bytes
        Header Start Offset: 0x0000
        Header Length: 16 bytes
        Data Start Offset: 0x0010
        Access Method: General-purpose non-volatile data functions
        Access Address: 0x0000
        Status: Invalid, Full
        Change Token: 0x00000036
        Header Format: Type 1
        Supported Log Type Descriptors: 3
        Descriptor 1: POST error
        Data Format 1: POST results bitmap
        Descriptor 2: Single-bit ECC memory error
        Data Format 2: Multiple-event
        Descriptor 3: Multi-bit ECC memory error
        Data Format 3: Multiple-event

Handle 0x0109, DMI type 23, 13 bytes
System Reset
        Status: Enabled
        Watchdog Timer: Present
        Boot Option: Do Not Reboot
        Boot Option On Limit: Do Not Reboot
        Reset Count: Unknown
        Reset Limit: Unknown
        Timer Interval: Unknown
        Timeout: Unknown

Handle 0x010C, DMI type 32, 20 bytes
System Boot Information
        Status: No errors detected

 

특정 키워드 검색

# dmidecode | grep -i cpu
        Socket Designation: CPU #000
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #001
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #002
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #003
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #004
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #005
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #006
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #007
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #008
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #009
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #010
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz
        Socket Designation: CPU #011
        Version:       Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2695 v2 @ 2.40GHz

 

# dmidecode | grep -i bios
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
BIOS Information
                BIOS is upgradeable
                BIOS shadowing is allowed
                BIOS boot specification is supported
        BIOS Revision: 4.6

 

dmidecode 실무 활용 예제

시스템 재조사 및 모델 확인

# dmidecode -s system-manufacturer
VMware, Inc.
# # dmidecode -s system-product-name
To Be Filled By O.E.M.

 

시리얼 번호 확인

# dmidecode -s system-serial-number
VMware-56 4d 6f 8e b5 14 c2 fd-3b ff a1 a3 34 73 7c 4f